Which constitutional amendment protects individuals from unreasonable searches and seizures?

The Fourth Amendment is the constitutional provision that protects individuals from unreasonable searches and seizures. This amendment establishes the right of people to be secure in their persons, houses, papers, and effects against arbitrary governmental intrusions. It requires law enforcement to obtain a warrant, supported by probable cause, before conducting searches or making arrests, thus ensuring a level of privacy and protection from abuse of power by the state.

This concept is fundamental to a person's privacy rights and is a crucial aspect of American legal tradition, emphasizing the importance of lawful procedure and the necessity of evidentiary support before the government can infringe upon individual liberties. By safeguarding against unreasonable searches and seizures, the Fourth Amendment plays an essential role in balancing the power of law enforcement with the rights of individuals.